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Word	Meanings
Garam	Damage, Loss, as in Takaful.
Ghaban	Misappropriation or defrauding others in respect of specifications of the goods and their prices.
Ghaban e Fahish	(1) Excessive profiting with deception, exorbitant price.
	(2) Excessive profiteering with deception – a person sells a commodity stating explicitly or giving the impression that he is charging the market price, but actually he is charging an exorbitant price taking benefit of the ignorance of the purchaser – in such cases the purchaser has the option to revoke the sale and get back the price paid (see Khiyar-e-Ghaban).
Gharar	(1) Uncertainty, speculation.
	(2) Deception, hazard, speculation, uncertainty, risk (literally, peril or hazard)
	(3) "Deception through ignorance by one or more parties to a contract. Gambling is a form of gharar because the gambler is ignorant of the result of the gamble. Gharar can occur in several ways, all of which are haram.
	(4) Uncertainty, hazard, chance or risk. Technically, the sale of a thing which is not present at hand; or the sale of a thing whose consequence or outcome is not known; or a sale involving risk or hazard in which one does not know whether it will come to be or not. There are several types of gharar, all of which are haram. The word gharar denotes deception. Bai al-gharar is an exchange in which there is an element of deception either through ignorance of the goods, the price, or through faulty description of the goods. Bai algharar is an exchange in which one or both parties stand to be deceived through ignorance of an essential element of exchange. Gambling is a form of gharar because the gambler is ignorant of the result of his gamble.
	(5) Literally, uncertainty, hazard, risk relating to major elements of a contract; technically, sale of a thing which is not present at hand, or the sale of a thing whose consequence or outcome is not known, or a sale in which one does not know whether it will come to be or not, such as fish in water or a bird in the air. It refers to an element of absolute or excessive uncertainty in any business or a contract about the subject of contract or its price, or mere speculative risk. It leads to undue loss to a party and unjustified enrichment of another, which is prohibited. Gambling is a form of Gharar because the gambler is ignorant of the result of the gamble. Selling goods without allowing the buyer to properly examine the goods is also a kind of Gharar. Some examples of Gharar are: selling goods that the seller is unable to deliver; selling known or unknown goods against an unknown price, such as selling the contents of a sealed box without exact information about its contents; selling goods without proper description; selling goods without specifying the price, such as selling at the “going price”.
	(6) Literally, uncertainty, hazard, chance or risk.  Technically, sale of a thing which is not present at hand; or the sale of a thing whose consequence or outcome is not known; or a sale involving risk or hazard in which one does not know whether it will come to be  or not, such as fish in water or a bird in the air. It is an exchange in which one or more parties stand to be deceived through ignorance of an essential element of the exchange. Thus it refers to an element of absolute or excessive uncertainty in any business or contract. Gambling (qimar) is a form of gharar because the gambler is ignorant of the result of the gamble. ( ghararone of the three fundamental prohibitions in Islamic finance, the other two being riba andmaysir).  The Hanafi  school of Islamic jurisprudence defined gharar as "that whose consequences are hidden." The Shafi'ischool defined gharar as "that whose nature and consequences are hidden" or "that which admits two possibilities, with the less desirable one being more likely." TheHanbali school defined it as "that whose consequences are unknown" or "that which is undeliverable, whether it exists or not." Ibn Hazn of the Zahini school wrote " Gharar is where the buyer does not know what he bought, or the seller does not know what he sold.'
Gharar fi al Ajal	Uncertainty with respect to time of the delivery.
Gharar fi al Miqdar	Uncertainty with respect to quantity of goods.
Gharar fi al Taslim	Uncertainty with respect to delivery of the goods.
Gharar fis Sifah	Uncertainty with respect to characteristics of the goods.
Gharar Yasir	A small amount of gharar that may be unavoidable.
Gharim	A debtor who does not possess the fund with which to repay his/her debt. According to the Hanifi jurists, a gharim is one who whose funds, after repayment of his debt, would not to equal the nisab. The Shafi andMaliki jurists divide gharim into two types: i) those whose debts were incurred in their own benefit and 2) those whose debts were incurred benefiting others. The gharimun (pl. for gharim) are one of the eight groups mentioned in the Qur'an as legitimate recipients of the Zakat funds.
Gharmeen	One head of the Zakat beneficiaries – broadly, those who are obliged to pay others’ debts as sureties. An Islamic State can make up their loss by paying from Zakat proceeds.
Ghasib	Usurper of property of others.
Ghayr Lazim Contract	A contract that either party may terminate
Ghosh	(1) Fraud.
	(2) Feud, as in Takaful.
Guaranteed Loan	A pledge to cover the payment of debt or to perform some obligation if the person liable fails to perform. When a third party guarantees a loan, it promises to pay in the event of a default by the borrower.

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